Imaginos1892 wrote:If you cram 150 cubic meters of air into a 500 liter tank at 300 bar, it would represent a bit over 12 KWh of stored energy. That's about the minimum for a residential solar/storage system intended to get through a few cloudy days at a time.
If Something Bad happens to the air tank, all that air will want to expand back to 150 cubic meters very very fast, and the absolute last thing you want to do is try to confine it. That's the volume of a small house, and that's the size crater it will make in your yard. You didn't put it under the house, did you?
By the way, compressing the air to 300 bar will heat it up to almost 2,000 C - what's that tank made out of, again? If you let the air cool off before using it, all the energy that went into heating it was wasted.
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Little Billy-Bob's gonna be an astronaut -- the teacher says he's a-takin' up space!
There are near isothermal methods of compression. They are more expensive, of course. Efficiency is higher, but still low unless you spend a
lot. MDI is using one.
For cavern CAES, you could design the down pipe with density increased by much liquid, having one return pipe for the liquid and one for the air. Enough liquid would absorb most of the heat, producing near isothermal compression.
One reason for using cryogenic energy storage is that there is only a little pressure problem, the primary storage is low pressure. The energy comes from pumping small amounts of liquid to high pressure and then absorbing energy from the surroundings. This part needs to have good protection.
On the hot end, there are phase change materials with temperatures over 1,200 deg F.
All of these add to the capital expense. I wonder why they are mostly currently limited to experimental setups
You could get energy storage using 500 liters of liquid nitrogen to be pressurized to 300 bar, then absorbing energy from, perhaps, a high temperature solar heated primary source. It might be fun to run the numbers on this
